How PDRN Works

PDRN breaks down into fragments that switch on a receptor, raise a second messenger and end in one measurable outcome. Here is the chain, step by step, with the evidence attached to each step — including the three steps where the evidence does not go as far as the marketing does.

12pathway steps

4pathway groups

3contested claims

1human in vivo measurement (n=1)

01 · Pathway

Twelve nodes, four groups, one parallel arm.

Signalling

steps 1–6

The message: degradation → A2A → cAMP → PKA → PI3K/Akt → VEGF.

Tissue effects

steps 7, 8, 12

Downstream of VEGF. Step 12 is a secondary effect.

Metabolic

step 9

Parallel arm, not a later step.The signalling arm sends the message; the salvage arm supplies the raw material. Do not read step 9 as coming after step 8.

Boundary conditions

steps 10–11

Connected to the chain with a distinct, dashed relationship — not ordinary steps.

Continue

Take the chain somewhere else.

Topical vs InjectableThe same chain, for the two routes, dimension by dimension.Open the comparison →Evidence libraryThe papers behind each step, filterable by strength and year.Open the evidence →Product databaseWhat the topical products actually contain — and what their labels disclose.Open the database →