Mechanism
The primary molecular target of PDRN, a G protein-coupled receptor that is engaged by adenosine and starts the downstream cascade.
Open term →Glossary
Thirty-three terms, each with a one-line definition, a note, and a real example from our own product database.
Mechanism
A second messenger whose intracellular level rises after the A2A receptor is activated.
Open term →Mechanism
The downstream effector kinase of cAMP and the signalling cascade node from which multiple pathways branch.
Open term →Mechanism
A pathway that PDRN upregulates to enhance tissue repair, involving cell survival and proliferation.
Open term →MechanismHigh-risk term
The pro-angiogenic factor whose expression is upregulated by PDRN, forming the basis of therapeutic angiogenesis.
Open term →Mechanism
The key ligand produced when PDRN degrades, and the trigger that starts the entire signalling chain.
Open term →Mechanism
A central regulator of the inflammatory response, which PDRN suppresses to reduce inflammation.
Open term →Delivery
A widely cited guideline stating that molecules below 500 Da can be absorbed through skin, based on Bos and Meinardi in Experimental Dermatology in 2000.
Open term →Delivery
A measure of the mass of a polymer or molecule, central to how PDRN is characterised and why it struggles with transdermal delivery.
Open term →Delivery
A shorter DNA fragment associated with better biological activity, cellular uptake and skin penetration than longer PDRN.
Open term →Delivery
The outermost layer of the skin, composed of corneocytes and lipids, and the main physical barrier to penetration.
Open term →MethodologyHigh-risk term
The strength-of-evidence label the site attaches to every claim, ranging from human RCT through human observational, animal, cell and in vitro, review, correction notice and retraction.
Open term →Methodology
A method of inferring whether the actual amount of an ingredient is meaningful by looking at its position in the ingredient list.
Open term →Methodology
A regulatory threshold above which a substance must be managed as a preservative, used on ingredient lists to draw the line above 1%.
Open term →MethodologyHigh-risk term
The concentration stated on a product is a claimed value and is not the same as a laboratory measurement of the finished formulation.
Open term →Regulatory
The global naming standard for cosmetic ingredients, which ingredient lists must follow for both naming and ordering.
Open term →Regulatory
The legal route a substance follows based on its intended use, which determines its regulatory requirements, permitted claims and evidence standards.
Open term →Regulatory
The fact that a product is legal in its home country and whether it can legally be used in another country are two independent questions.
Open term →Confusion riskHigh-risk term
A generic term used widely in the injectable aesthetics context that is not a cosmetic INCI registered name.
Open term →Confusion riskHigh-risk term
An ingredient-list entry covering DNA from a wide range of sources and degrees of degradation, not specific to PDRN.
Open term →Confusion riskHigh-risk term
An extract of salmon roe, which is a completely different substance from PDRN yet is frequently conflated with it.
Open term →INCI
The most common INCI registered name for PDRN on cosmetic ingredient lists.
Open term →INCI
The other common registered name for PDRN, describing a partially hydrolysed state.
Open term →Manufacturing
The purity of the active PDRN substance, which reaches above 95% for salmon-derived material.
Open term →ManufacturingHigh-risk term
The biological origin of PDRN, since different sources differ in molecular weight spectrum, activity and evidence base.
Open term →Effect
The formation of new blood vessels, one of the core effects on PDRN's mechanistic chain.
Open term →EffectHigh-risk term
PDRN stimulates collagen production, the core phenotypic endpoint behind repair and regeneration framing.
Open term →Brand referenceHigh-risk term
The best known Korean PDRN brand, with both a topical skincare line and an approved injectable medical device line.
Open term →Brand reference
An Italian PDRN injectable pharmaceutical and an early representative of PDRN's development as a medicine.
Open term →Core
A mixture of DNA fragments with a molecular weight of 50-1500 kDa whose primary mechanism is activation of the adenosine A2A receptor pathway.
Open term →Material identityHigh-risk term
A DNA polymer with longer fragments than PDRN that plays a dominant role in extracellular matrix remodelling and is the common abbreviation in injectable aesthetics.
Open term →Metabolism
A metabolic pathway that recycles intracellular nucleotides and in which PDRN participates, supplying nucleotides for DNA replication and cell proliferation.
Open term →Clinical
The umbrella term for techniques that inject active substances into the dermis, a common delivery setting for injectable PDRN products.
Open term →Continue